寇现娟，女，副教授。健康科学学院运动医学教研室教师。郑州大学医学院生物化学与分子生物学专业硕士，华中科技大学同济医学院生物化学与分子生物学专业博士。

蛇葡萄素（Ampelopsin）又名双氢杨梅素（dihydromyricetin，DMY）是藤茶中一种重要的黄酮类物质。研究表明，Ampelopsin具有广泛的生物学功能：抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、保肝、改善运动疲劳等。本书首从Ampelopsin的结构入手，然后分章节来探讨Ampelopsin的抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、保肝、神经保护、改善运动疲劳及衰老性肌萎缩的作用；阐明Ampelopsin发挥上述作用的信号分子或者靶标；Ampelopsin发展成为功能性食品的前景。

本书可以成为中药学或生物学相关专业教材用书

Ampelopsis grossedentata is widely distributed in the South of China.Its tender stems and leaves are exploited in China to prepare a health beverage named as Rattan tea.Ampelopsin is one of the most important flavonoids found in Rattan tea.As a dihydromyricetin (DHM)，ampelopsin was first isolated from Ampelopsis meliaefolia by Kotake and Kubota in 1940，and was reported as a major bioactive component in Ampelopsis grossedentata later.Nowadays，ampelopsin，as a major bioactive component in Rattan tea，has a broad range of biological functions.During the past decade，the bioactivity of ampelopsin in Rattan tea has gained extensive attention and increasing scientific investigations related to its pharmacological functions and underlying mechanisms have been reported.Herein，the current research progress in the pharmacological functions and corresponding action mechanisms as well as potential benefits in chronic diseases have been summarized.This study will start a series of studies of ampelopsin from the following aspects：antiinflammatory，antioxidative，antitumor and neuroprotective effects，and alleviate brain aging and sarcopenia.We mainly focus the effect and molecular mechanism of ampelopsin on inflammation，tumor and neuroprotective effects in different cells and animal models. Many intervention strategies have been investigated in order to understand their ability for slowing down the aging process of brain and skeletal muscle，and exercise training has been confirmed to inhibit oxidative stress and apoptotic signaling，thus effectively executing neuroprotection and sarcopenia.Aerobic exercise，such as running，has been proven to be a very effective way to improve adult hippocampal neurogenesis and learning.

The Biological Function and Molecular Mechanism of Ampelopsin and Exercise Mimetics in Chronic DiseasesContentsChapter 1Pharmacological potential of ampelopsin in Rattan tea1 Chapter 2Ampelopsin reduces endotoxic inflammation via repressing ROSmediated activation of PI3K/Akt/NFκB signaling pathways8 Chapter 3Natural products for cancer prevention associated with Nrf2ARE pathway23 Chapter 4Antitumor effect31 4.1Potential molecular targets of ampelopsin in prevention and treatment of cancers31 4.2Nutraceutical or pharmacological potential of Moringa oleifera Lam.39 4.3Ampelopsin induces apoptosis in HepG2 human hepatoma cell line through extrinsic and intrinsic pathways：involvement of p38 and ERK48 Chapter 5Neuroprotective effect59 5.1Ampelopsin inhibits H2O2induced apoptosis by ERK and Akt signaling pathways and upregulation of heme oxygenase159 5.2Ampelopsin attenuates 6OHDAinduced neurotoxicity by regulating GSK3β/NRF2/ARE signaling67 Chapter 6Autophagy and brain aging77 6.1Autophagy as the modulator of neuronal homeostasis and neurodegenerative disorders77 6.2Resveratrol as a natural autophagy regulator for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease80 6.3Ampelopsin attenuates brain aging of Dgalinduced rats through miR34amediated SIRT1/mTOR signaling pathway89 6.4Swimming attenuates Dgalactoseinduced brain aging via suppressing miR34amediated autophagy impairment and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics101 6.5Voluntary wheel running exercise suppresses brain aging of rats through activating miR130amediated autophagy112 Chapter 7Sarcopenia123 7.1Research progress of sarcopenia123 7.2MicroRNAregulated proinflammatory cytokines in sarcopenia127 7.3Ampelopsin attenuates Dgalinduced oxidative stressrelated skeletal muscle atrophy through activating AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α signaling cascade135 7.4Role and regulation of autophagy in mass maintenance of skeletal muscle147 Acknowledgement155 References156